Choko is a traditional Gambian board game that has been played here for centuries. This exciting game combines strategy, skill, and a bit of luck, making it a favourite pastime for Gambians of all ages. Let’s dive into the world of Choko and explore its rules, history, and cultural significance.
Origins and History
Choko, also known as “The Gambia’s oldest board game,” has its origins deeply rooted in Gambian culture. While the exact origins of the game remain unknown, it is believed to have been played by the Mandinka people, one of the largest ethnic groups in the country, long before the arrival of Europeans.
It is from a family of draughts-like games which have been known in the West since at least 1879, but whose history might date back even further. There are quick changes of fortune in these games because when a player captures one piece, they then select a second piece to be removed simultaneously.
Traditionally, Choko boards are a grid of holes scooped out of the sand. Choko uses sticks of two different lengths and pieces. For more affluent players, the board is sometimes made out of wood, with small holes made to hold pebbles as the pieces.
The game has been passed down through generations and holds an essential place in Gambian society. It is not only a playful pastime but also a means of socializing, bonding, and passing down cultural traditions.
Gameplay and Rules
1. Choko is played on a 5-by-5 grid with 25 play squares.
2. Each player selects 12 sticks of the colour of their choice.
3. Players decide who begins the game by rolling a die.
HOW TO PLAY
1. In turns, each player places one of their sticks onto an empty square.
2. If the first player places a stick, the second player must also place a stick. If the first player moves a stick, the second player can either move a stick or place a stick on the board.
3. Should the second player place a stick on the board, the first player must follow by placing a stick on the board.
4. A player can move their stick one space horizontally or vertically onto an empty play space.
5. Once all the sticks are on the board, players can only move their stick.
6. Players capture sticks by jumping over their opponent’s stick and landing on an empty point beyond it in either a horizontal or a vertical direction.
7. A player can only make 1 capture each turn.
8. When a player captures their opponent’s stick, they also select one additional stick anywhere on the board to capture.
9. Captured sticks are removed from the board.
HOW TO WIN
1. To win the game, a player needs to capture all their opponent’s sticks.
2. If both players have only three sticks remaining, the game is a tie.
Cultural Significance
Choko is more than just a game; it holds significant cultural significance in Gambian society. It is often played during social gatherings, ceremonies, and festivals, bringing people together and fostering a sense of community. The game promotes strategic thinking, decision-making skills, and patience, making it a valuable teaching tool for younger generations.
Additionally, Choko serves as a symbol of Gambian identity and heritage. It showcases the rich cultural traditions that have been preserved for centuries, reinforcing a sense of pride and belonging among Gambians.
The board pictured here is “Made By Mallang“
Choko in Modern Times
Despite the advent of modern technology and the popularity of digital entertainment, Choko still thrives in The Gambia. It can be found in villages, towns, and even city corners, with players engrossed in lively matches.
Moreover, efforts have been made to promote Choko both within The Gambia and internationally. Tournaments and exhibitions are held, allowing players to showcase their skills and compete for honours. Choko has also gained attention beyond the country’s borders, attracting board game enthusiasts from different parts of the world.
Conclusion
Its long-standing presence in the Gambian society highlights the importance of preserving traditional games as they provide a connection to the past and a sense of identity for future generations. Whether played for leisure or competition, Choko continues to captivate players with its strategic gameplay and timeless appeal.
